A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor rotates indiscrete step increments when electrical command pulses are applied to it in the proper sequence. The motors rotation has several direct relationships to these applied input pulses. The sequence of the applied pulses is directly related to the direction of motor shafts rotation. The speed of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the frequency of the input pulses and the length of rotation is directly related to the number of input pulses applied. Wide range of Gearboxes also available
110SH150-6504A 110SH201-8004A 110SH99-5504A 20SH33-0604A 20SH42-0804A 20STC33-0604A 20STC40-0804A 25SH23-0704A 28S10-0504A 28SH32-0674A 28SH32-0956A 28SH45-0674A 28SH45-0956A 28SH51-0674A 28SH51-0956A 28STC32-0674A 28STC32-1504A 28STC40-0674A 28STC40-1504A 28STC51-0674A 28STC51-1504A 35SH26-0284A 35SH28-0504A 35SH36-1004A 39SH20-0404A 39SH20-0506A 39SH34-0306A 39SH34-0404A 39SH34-0604A 39SH34-0654A 39SH38-0304A 39SH38-0504A 39SH38-0806A 423P24-0903A 423P39-2403A 42SH33-1A 42SH33-1AM 42SH33-2A 42SH33-2AM 42SH33-3A 42SH33-3AM 42SH33-4A 42SH33-4AM 42SH38-1A 42SH38-1AM 42SH38-2A 42SH38-2AM 42SH38-3A 42SH38-3AM 42SH38-4A 42SH38-4AM 42SH47-1A 42SH47-1AM 42SH47-2A 42SH47-2AM 42SH47-3A 42SH47-3AM 42SH47-4A 42SH47-4AM 42SH60-0854A 42SH60-1206A 57S41-1A 57S41-2A 57S41-4A 57S51-1A 57S51-2A 57S51-4A 57S56-1A 57S56-2A 57S56-4A 57S76-1A 57S76-2A 57S76-4A 57SH41-1A 57SH41-1AM 57SH41-2A 57SH41-2AM 57SH41-3A 57SH41-3AM 57SH41-4A 57SH41-4AM 57SH51-1A 57SH51-2A 57SH51-3A 57SH51-4A 57SH56-1AM 57SH56-2AM 57SH56-3AM 57SH56-4AM 57SH76-1A 57SH76-1AM 57SH76-2A 57SH76-2AM 57SH76-3A 57SH76-3AM 57SH76-4A 57SH76-4AM 60SH45-2008AF 60SH56-2008AF 60SH65-2008AF 60SH86-2008AF 63S10-1004A 86S125-3508A 86S67-2808A 86S94-2808A 86SH118-6004A 86SH156-6204A 86SH65-4208A 86SH80-5504A 86SH96-5504A
A brushless DC motor (BLDC) is a synchronous electric motor which is powered by direct-current electricity (DC) and which has an electronically controlled commutation system, instead of a mechanical commutation system based on brushes. In such motors, current and torque, voltage and rpm are linearly related. Wide range of Gearboxes also available
20BLW14-12 20BLW14-24 22BL45 22BL70 24CBL30 28BL26 28BL38 28BL77 28CBL38 32BLW18 33BL38 36CBL30 36CBL40 36CBL57 36CBL60 42BL100 42BL41 42BL61 42BL81 42BLA01 42BLA02 42BLA03 42BLA04 42BLB01 42BLB02 42BLB03 42BLB04 42CBL60 42RBL60 42RBL85 45BLW18 45BLW21 45BLW27 57BL116 57BL45 57BL54 57BL74 57BL94 57BLA01 57BLA02 57BLA03 57BLA04 57BLB40 57BLB60 57BLB80 60BLW40-24 60BLW40-48 86BL125 86BL58 86BL71 86BL98
Often referred to as a “tin can” or“ can stack” motor the permanent magnet step motor is a low cost and low resolution type motor with typical step angles of 7.5 to 15° (48 – 24steps/revolution) PM motors as the name implies have permanent magnets added to the motor structure. The rotor no longer has teeth as with the VR motor. Instead the rotor is magnetized with alternating north and south poles situated in a straight line parallel to the rotor shaft. These magnetized rotor poles provide an increased magnetic flux intensity and because of this the PM motor exhibits improved torque characteristics when compared with the VR type.
A Servo Motor is defined as an automatic device that uses an error-correction routine to correct its motion. The term servo can be applied to systems other than a Servo Motor; systems that use a feedback mechanism such as an encoder or other feedback device to control the motion parameters. Typically when the term servo is used it applies to a 'Servo Motor' but is also used as a general control term, meaning that a feedback loop is used to position an item.
Fulling Motor can develop all kinds of stepping motor, DC motor, AC motor, DC brushless driver, Mechanical Component to match customer demands. Our strong R/D team will be available for any special request. If you don't find what you are looking for in our catalog don't esitate to conatct us See here some of our Special Solutions.
Yes, you can apply different voltages, although, you must keep in mind that there is a speed limit for the bearings. If you increase the voltage, the speed will increase. If you decrease the voltage then the speed will decrease. For example, if a Brushless DC Motor is rated to run at 3000 RPM no load with 36VDC, the motor will run 2000 RPM with24VDC. The maximum speed, torque, and power are directly proportional to the voltage.
No, Hall sensors are only needed for feedback systems requiring a Hall Effect Sensor. A Brushless Motor may be sensorless where the back EMF is used to run the motor.
Most are variable speed with ranges from 400-4000 rpm while some models can run as high as 10,000 rpm.
Peak Torque is where the motor can operate for a brief period of time, but will be damaged if run for longer periods.
Rated Torque is where the motor can operate continuously at a safe level.
From 24 watt to 600 watts
The are many factors that affect the decision to select a brushless motor for a particular application.
A brushless motor, also called linear synchronous actuator, is often used when high reliability, long life and high speeds are required.
The bearings in a brushless motor usually become the only parts to wear out.
These bearings can last thousands of hours depending on shaft load and environmental conditions.
Often in a brush-type motor, the brushes and the commutator become the components determining the motor’s life.
In applications where high speeds are required (usually above 30,000 RPM) a brushless motor is considered a better choice.
As motor speed increases so does the wear of the brushes.
Additionally, at higher and higher speeds it becomes increasingly more difficult to keep the brushes from bouncing on the commutator bars as they transition from segment to segment.
Thus, this brush bounce phenomena often becomes the practical limit of speed in a brush-type motor.
The mechanical switching of brushes on commutator segments often generate objectionable electrical and audible noise.
In these instances a brushless motor can usually sound quieter and provide less of a disturbance to other electric equipment in the vicinity.
In applications where weight and/or size of the motor itself is limited, a brushless motor’s commutation control can easily be separated and integrated into other required electronics, thereby improving the effective power-to-weight and/or power-to-volume ratio achievable by a conventional brush-type motor.
All these benefits have a cost.
A brushless motor package (motor and commutation controller) will usually cost more than a brush-type, yet the cost can often be made up in other advantages.
For example, in applications where sophisticated control of the motor’s operation is required, the electronics necessary for a brush-type motor can typically end up costing about the same as the electronics required to control a brushless motor.
In these instances, a brushless motor clearly has the upper hand.
In closed-loop control, the Brushless DC Motor will not slow down, as long at the torque of the motor is strong enough. However, it will always slow down with open-loop control.
Step accuracy is the primary character of a step motor.
Without step accuracy, the motor is useless.
Based on motor manufacturing capability, step accuracy is rated at +/- 5% of the full step.
That means a 1.8-degree motor would have step error of +/- 5.4 arc minutes, while 0.9-degree motor would have step error at +/- 2.7 arc minutes.
This is because the motor step accuracy is determined by the torque stiffness, and the torque stiffness is determined by maximum holding torque and the number of rotor teeth.
Motor torque function: T(θ) = To*Sin(Nθ)
Torque stiffness: dT(θ)/d = N*To*Cos(Nθ)
(where To=maximum holding torque, N=number of rotor teeth,
θ=rotor displacement)
A 1.8-degree motor has a 50-tooth rotor and 0.9-degree motor has a 100-tooth rotor. With the same manufacturing capability, a 0.9-degree motor will have twice the step accuracy of a 1.8-degree motor.
The number of turns is doubled in bipolar mode and Ip equals 1/√2 of Ic when two coils are connected in series.
The torque is approximately proportional to the Amps times the turns. If the NI represents unipolar drive torque, then the 2N*(1/√2) I (=√2 NI) will represent the bipolar drive when coils connected in series. √2 are approximately 40% more than 1.
The number of turns is the same in bipolar mode and Ip equals √2 of Ic when two coils are connected in parallel. If the NI represents unipolar drive torque, then the N*√2 I (= √2 NI) will represent the bipolar drive when coils connected in parallel. √2 are approximately 40% more than 1.
If two sets of the coil are wound in each phase, and the motor is driven by a bipolar drive, the Amps per coil (Ic) & the Amps per phase (Ip) will be different, depending on the type of connection. Ip equals 1/√2 of Ic when the two sets of the coil are connected in series. Ip equals √2 of Ic when the two sets of the coil are connected in parallel. (See motor rating) Since only one set of the coil can be energized at a time with an unipolar drive, there are no differences between Amps per coil and Amps per phase.
Also, if there is only one set of coils being wound in each phase, there are no differences between Amps per coil and Amps per phase.
The number of electrical phases is defined as the number of independent winding coils being used.
Holding torque is the maximum restoring torque developed by the rotor when one or more phases of the motor are energized.
The dynamic torque is called running torque or pullout torque.
It varies at different speed by different driver technologies and power input.
As a rule of thumb, the maximum dynamic torque is about 70% of the holding torque.
First of all two drivers exist Unipolar and Bipolar, Unipolar drives output to 6 leads of a step motor and Bipolar output to 4 leads of a step motor.
So a 4 lead motor can only be connected to a Bipolar driver.
A 6 lead and 8 lead motor can either be connected to a Unipolar driver and or a Bipolar driver.
A wiring diagram shows the possible connections.
Most stepper motors are designed for low speed (3000 rpm or less) operation. Once you get into higher speeds, servo motors are typically used.
Mechanical angle represents the step angle of the step.
In the full step mode of a 1.8-degree motor, the mechanical angle is 1.8°.
In the 10 micro-stepping mode of a 1.8° motor, the mechanical angle is 0.18º.
An electrical angle is defined as 360° divided by the number of mechanical phases and the number of micro-stepping.
In the full step mode of a 1.8° motor, the electrical angle is 90°.
In the 10 micro-stepping mode of a 1.8° motor, the electrical angle is 9º.
Micro-stepping is used to increase a motor’s step resolution.
This is achieved by controlling the motors phase current ratio.
It should be noted that micro-stepping does not increase step accuracy.
Micro-stepping will allow a motor to run smoother and with less noise.
The degree of the improvement depends on the step accuracy of the motor.
Unipolar – A unipolar driver’s output current direction cannot be changed.
There are two sets of the coils for each phase in a motor.
Only one set of the coils can be energized at a time.
Each coil represents one phase.
Therefore, only 50% of the winding is utilized in the unipolar drive. The number of mechanical phases equals the number of electrical phases.
Due to the fact unipolar drivers only use 50% of the windings, the performance ranges from low to moderate.
The benefit of this is that it doesn’t generate too much heat.
Bipolar – A bipolar driver’s output current direction can be changed. 100% of the winding is utilized in the bipolar drive.
That means the two sets of the coils in each phase can be connected either in series or in parallel to become one set of a coil.
Current direction changed from the driver creates another mechanical phase.
The number of mechanical phases is always twice the number of electrical phases.
Bipolar drivers provide 40% more holding torque than unipolar drivers, but typically run at higher temperatures.
For this reason, proper heat dissipation is important with bipolar drivers.
1. Speed can be easily determined and controlled by remembering that speed equals steps per revolution divided by pulse rate.
2. A step motor can make fine incremental moves.
3. A step motor doesn’t require encoder feed back (Open loop).
4. Non-cumulative positioning error.
5. Excellent low speed/high torque characteristics without gear reduction.
6. Holding torque of the step motor can be used to hold loads in stationary position without over heating.
7. Ability to operate on a wide speed range.
A step motor is a motor which convert input pulses into proportional steps (position).
When running in Full Step, run motor in increments of 4 steps.
This way, the motor will end in the ‘A’ position every time, which is the rotor’s natural position.
WhaIn order to get the maximum output from a motor for a given application, we have to maximize the torque at the operating speed.
Over 1000 pps full step is not desirable if the power supply voltage is less than 12V. High power supply voltage (> 24V) would be necessary if operating speed is selected over 4000 pps full step is necessary.)